Australia

The Commonwealth of Australia, abbreviated as Australia, is the capital city of Canberra, with a per capita GDP of $65543 in 2022. Located between the South Pacific and Indian Oceans, it consists of islands such as mainland Australia and Tasmania, as well as overseas territories. To the east lies the Coral Sea and Tasman Sea in the Pacific Ocean, while to the north, west, and south lies the Indian Ocean and its marginal seas. The total area is 7692000 square kilometers, with a coastline of 36735 kilometers. The northern region has a tropical climate, with the majority having a temperate climate. The country is divided into 6 states and 2 regions. As of July 2023, the total population of Australia is 26.39 million, of which 74% are of British and Irish descent. The official language is English, and the majority of residents believe in Christianity. The earliest inhabitants of Australia were indigenous people. In 1770, British navigator James Cook arrived on the east coast of Australia and declared British occupation of the land. On January 26, 1788, Britain began establishing colonies in Australia, which was later designated as Australia’s National Day. In July 1900, the British Parliament passed the Commonwealth Constitution of Australia and the Regulations of the British Dominion. On January 1, 1901, the Australian colonies were renamed as states, and in October of the same year, the Commonwealth of Australia was established. In 1931, Australia became an independent country within the Commonwealth. Australia is a developed modern industrial country, the most economically developed country in the southern hemisphere, the fourth largest exporter of agricultural products in the world, and also an important producer and exporter of mineral products in the world. Agriculture, animal husbandry, and mining are traditional industries, while manufacturing and high-tech industries are developing rapidly. The service industry has become the leading industry in the national economy, promoting foreign trade and maintaining rapid economic growth. Australia has a stable social environment and a regulated financial system. In the fiscal year 2021/2022, Australia’s GDP was AUD 2.1 trillion.

The Commonwealth of Australia, abbreviated as Australia, has its capital in Canberra, located between the South Pacific and Indian Oceans. It consists of islands such as mainland Australia and Tasmania, as well as overseas territories. To the east lies the Coral Sea and Tasman Sea in the Pacific Ocean, while to the north, west, and south lies the Indian Ocean and its marginal seas. The total area is 7692000 square kilometers, with a coastline of 36735 kilometers. The northern region has a tropical climate, with the majority having a temperate climate. The country is divided into 6 states and 2 regions. The Sydney Opera House is a landmark building in Australia, one of the most distinctive buildings of the 20th century, and also a world-renowned performing arts center. It is located in the northern part of Sydney city and has a shell shaped roof. Below it is a water complex that combines a theater and a living room. Its appearance resembles a white sail about to sail out to sea, complementing the surrounding scenery. The Concert Hall is the largest hall of the Sydney Opera House, with a capacity of 2679 spectators. It is usually used to hold various performances such as symphony, chamber music, opera, dance, choir, pop music, jazz, etc. In addition, the entire concert hall is made of Australian wood, which truly presents Australia’s own style. The Great Barrier Reef is the world’s largest coral reef, stretching over 2000 kilometers along the Queensland coastline and covering an area of approximately 35 million hectares. This is the home of numerous marine wildlife, including over 1500 colorful tropical fish species, 4000 mollusks, 400 sponges, and 300 hard corals. The islands and sandbars of the Great Barrier Reef sustain the lives of hundreds of bird species, including reef herons, fish eagles, warship birds, and sea eagles. Reefs also have significant cultural significance, as there are numerous archaeological sites belonging to indigenous or Torres Strait Islander peoples.

1. Keep everything to the left Australia was once under British jurisdiction, so it is similar to Britain in many places. Australia is different from China in that it drives on the left from pedestrians to traffic, and the steering wheel for cars is on the right side. People driving should pay extra attention and avoid turning into the opposite lane when making small turns on the left or big turns on the right. 2. Give way to pedestrians Meanwhile, in Australia, you will also find a situation where Australians are not afraid of cars.Because there are regulations in Australia that prioritize pedestrians over all vehicles. Even on roads without zebra crossings, one must yield to pedestrians 3. Give tips as appropriate. Unlike European and American countries, Australia does not require tipping waiters when you go to a restaurant, as most restaurants in Australia do not have the habit of tipping. But if you are a street performer, please give a tip as appropriated. 5. Do not cut in line The obsession of Australians with queuing is simply ingrained in their bones. From restaurants, shopping malls, supermarkets, bars, viewing rooms, and so on, as long as there is a need to queue up, they will queue up and there will be no situation of cutting in line. Because those who cut in line will face dissatisfaction and strong protests from others in Australia

Climate characteristics: Australia is mainly located in tropical and subtropical regions, with a predominantly tropical and subtropical climate. The Tropic of Cancer passes through central Australia, so most areas have a hot and dry climate, especially in the central and western regions. The eastern coast receives more precipitation, while the southeastern coastal areas are warm and humid, suitable for living and farming. Terrain and Landform: Australia has diverse terrain, with rugged rocky terrain, vast deserts, and lush flat topped mountains in the west and central regions. There is a continuous plateau in the east, with narrow beaches and gentle slopes near the sea, gently sloping westward and gradually forming a plain. The coastal areas are filled with wide beaches and lush vegetation. Australia has 11 large deserts, accounting for approximately 20% of the entire continental area, making it the smoothest and driest continent in the world.